ABSTRACT
Objective: To develop and characterize a novel retinoblastoma cell line from a Han Chinese patient. Methods: Cells were dispersed from tumor tissue harvested from an enucleated eyeball harbouring retinoblastoma under sterile conditions. The dissociated cells were cultured, purified and passaged in vitro. Morphologic and genetic analysis and detection of surface biomarkers were performed on the cell line and primary tumor by immunofluorescence, immunohistochemical staining, DNA short tandem repeat (STR) analysis, karyotype analysis, and exome sequencing. Results: This human retinoblastoma cell line was designated as SNPH-Rb-C24. It expressed neural cell adhesion molecule 1 and synaptophysin, which confirmed its neuronal derivation. DNA STR analysis showed an identical match between SNPH-Rb-C24 and primary tumor. Karyotype analysis showed complex chromosomal abnormalities in SNPH-Rb-C24, while no alteration in 13q was observed. Comparative exome sequencing identified common mutated genes and RB1+/+ in both SNPH-Rb-C24 and primary tumor. Orthotopic xenograft tumors derived from early passage cells were established. Conclusion: A human retinoblastoma cell line (SNPH-Rb-C24) derived from a Han Chinese patient with RB1+/+ retinoblastoma is developed, which retains critical biological and genomic features of the donor tumor.
ABSTRACT
Objective • To survey the menopausal symptoms related quality of life in patients with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy and its determinants, which provides theoretical basis on intervention. Methods • In this cross-sectional study, a questionnaire survey was conducted on 484 breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy in 9 hospitals nationwide recruited by convenience sampling approach, from July 2016 to December 2017. Descriptive statistics, ANOVA, Spearman correlation and multiple linear regression analyses were preformed to explore the risk factors of the menopausal symptoms related quality of life. Results • The mean score of the Menopause Rating Scale (MRS) was 9.580±6.174 with 75.8% larger than 4, which indicated poor quality of life. One-Way ANOVA results showed the effect of marital status, monthly income, and the change of menstrual status on the MRS score were statistically significant. Spearman correlation results showed that the MRS score was positive correlated with anxiety and depression score and chemotherapy symptoms score, but negative correlated with social support score. Three of the nine variables, chemotherapy symptoms, anxiety, and information and emotional support, were selected by the multiple linear stepwise regression analysis, and could explain 43.0% of total variance (P<0.01). Conclusion • Most breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy have poor menopausal symptoms related quality of life. The main determinants were chemotherapy symptoms, anxiety, and information and emotional support. Informational and emotional support should be actively provided and mental health interventions should be strengthened, which could effectively improve their quality of life.
ABSTRACT
To provide necessary information for further understanding of molecular mechanism of hypoxia acclimatization, the differentially expressed genes of HepG2 cells exposed to normoxia, acute hypoxia-treated cells which were exposed to 1% oxygen for 48 h, and hypoxia-acclimatized HepG2 cells which were cultured for 6 circles of alternate low oxygen (1% oxygen for 24 h) and normal oxygen (21% oxygen for 24 h), were identified respectively by combining the suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) and cDNA microarray. Thirty-seven genes were expressed differentially in cells exposed to 1% oxygen for 48 h compared with those in cells exposed to normoxia. The expression of all these 37 genes was down-regulated, including the genes participating in cell cycle, cell response to stimulus, and cell signal transduction, and cell cytoskeleton formation, the genes associated with transcription and cell metabolism, 4 expressed sequence tags (ESTs), and 12 genes of which the functions are not known. There is a novel gene sequence, which has not been found in existing databases. There were only 6 genes differentially expressed in the hypoxia-acclimatized cells compared with cells exposed to normoxia, including two mitochondrion genes, metalloprotease-1 gene, ferritin gene, thymosin beta-4 and TPT1 genes. The expressions of mitochondrion ND4, ferritin, thymosin beta-4 and TPT1 were up-regulated, while the expressions of mitochondrion ND1 gene and metalloproease-1 gene were down-regulated. Cell tolerance to hypoxia increased after the cells were hypoxia-acclimatized. The different gene expression patterns of the acute hypoxia-treated cells and the hypoxia-acclimatized cells may be related to the increased tolerance of the cells to hypoxia.